Coco de coco,
En la industria de procesamiento de almidón, mandioca, con su alto rendimiento y su fuerte adaptabilidad, se ha convertido en una materia prima importante para la producción de almidón. Sin embargo, por cada tonelada de almidón de yuca producido, Varias toneladas de residuos de almidón de yuca con un contenido de agua tan alto como 80% – 90% se generan. Estos residuos de almidón con alto contenido de agua no solo ocupan una gran cantidad de espacio de almacenamiento., son propensos a la corrupción y el deterioro, contaminar el medio ambiente, pero también desperdiciar recursos potenciales. Por lo tanto, El tratamiento de deshidratación de los residuos de almidón de yuca se ha convertido en un vínculo clave en la industria para reducir los costos, aumentar la eficiencia, y lograr el desarrollo verde, y la selección de equipos de deshidratación adecuados es de suma importancia.
Análisis del proceso de deshidratación de los residuos de almidón de yuca
La deshidratación de los residuos de almidón de yuca generalmente consta de tres etapas: pretratamiento, mechanical dehydration, and deep drying. In the pretreatment stage, the main task is to break up and screen the starch residues, remove the remaining impurities and agglomerates, and make the materials more uniform, facilitating subsequent dehydration treatment. This process can be completed by using a screw conveyor in conjunction with a vibrating screen. The screw conveyor is responsible for transporting the materials, while the vibrating screen separates the impurities and large – sized materials that do not meet the requirements.
Mechanical dehydration is the core step in reducing the water content of starch residues, aiming to quickly remove a large amount of free water. The pretreated starch residues enter the dehydration equipment, and solid – liquid separation is achieved under the action of mechanical force, reducing the water content to 50% – 60%, which relieves the pressure on subsequent deep drying.
In the deep drying stage, the mechanically dehydrated starch residues need to be further dried to reduce their water content to 12% – 15%, meeting the standards for long – term storage and resource utilization. In this stage, methods such as hot air drying and low – temperature vacuum drying are commonly used.
Overview of Dehydration Equipment for Cassava Starch Residues
1.Press de filtro de correa
The belt filter press is a commonly used equipment for dehydrating cassava starch residues. When it operates, the starch residues first enter the gravity dehydration zone. Under the action of gravity, a large amount of free water quickly drains through the gaps in the filter belt. Then, it enters the wedge – shaped pressing zone, where the two filter belts gradually come closer together to initially squeeze the materials. Finally, it enters the low – pressure and high – pressure pressing zones. Through the application of increasing pressure by rollers of different diameters on the filter belt, the water in the starch residues is fully squeezed out, forming filter cakes with a low water content. This equipment has a large processing capacity and can achieve continuous production, with a processing capacity of several tons per hour. It also has low energy consumption and controllable operating costs. Moreover, it is easy to operate and has a high degree of automation, requiring only a small amount of manual monitoring.
2.Plate and Frame Filter Press
The plate – and – frame filter press forms a filtration chamber by alternately arranging filter plates and frames. After pumping the cassava starch residues into the filtration chamber, under the action of pressure, the water passes through the filter cloth and is discharged, while the solids are retained in the filtration chamber to form filter cakes. After the filtration is completed, the filter cakes can be unloaded by loosening the plates and frames. It has a good dehydration effect and can reduce the water content of starch residues to a lower level. Sin embargo, it is an intermittent operation, resulting in relatively low production efficiency. In addition, the replacement and cleaning of filter cloths are relatively cumbersome, and the labor intensity is relatively high.
3.Centrifuge
Centrifuges achieve solid – liquid separation by using the centrifugal force generated by high – speed rotation. Under the action of centrifugal force, the denser solid particles in the cassava starch residues are thrown towards the drum wall, and the water is discharged through the small holes in the drum. It has a high separation efficiency and fast dehydration speed, and can process a large amount of materials in a short time. Sin embargo, the equipment investment cost is relatively high, the operation noise is large, and its adaptability to materials is limited. When processing starch residues with a high fiber content, blockage may occur.
4.Screw Extrusion Dehydrator
The screw extrusion dehydrator exerts a squeezing effect on the cassava starch residues through the advancement of the screw shaft and its variable – diameter structure. As the screw shaft advances, the space for the materials gradually becomes smaller, and the pressure continuously increases, squeezing out the water. This equipment has a compact structure, small footprint, and is easy to operate and maintain, making it suitable for small and medium – sized starch processing enterprises. Sin embargo, its processing capacity is relatively small. If it processes high – fiber materials for a long time, the screw shaft and screen will wear out relatively quickly.
The dehydration of cassava starch residues is the key to realizing resource recycling and green development of the industry. Equipment such as belt filter presses, plate – and – frame filter presses, centrifuges, and screw extrusion dehydrators have their own advantages and disadvantages. Las empresas pueden considerar de manera integral factores como su escala de producción, costos presupuestarios, y características del material para seleccionar el equipo de deshidratación más adecuado, mejorar la eficiencia de producción, reducir la contaminación ambiental, y promover el desarrollo sostenible de la industria de procesamiento de almidón de yuca.
